Extraction & Amplification of Whole Blood Using WGA-Protocol

Whole blood is a common source of material used to perform genetic analysis. Many times genomic DNA isolated from whole blood samples is of low yield. This can hinder the researcher’s ability to perform downstream analysis. The following protocol is a simple method to isolate DNA from fresh or aged whole blood products. Once the DNA is isolated, it can be amplified using the GenomePlex^® Whole Genome Amplification protocol.

Extraction of DNA from Whole Blood

The GenElute™ Blood Genomic DNA Kit (Cat. No. NA2010) is recommended for this process.

1. Place 20 μL of Proteinase K into a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube and add 200 μL of whole blood to the tube.
2. Add 200 μL of Lysis Solution C and vortex thoroughly for 15 seconds.
3. Incubate at 55 °C for 10 minutes.
4. Add 500 μL of Column Preparation Solution to the GenElute™ Miniprep Binding Column (red o-ring) and centrifuge at
12,000 × g for 1 minute.
Note: The Column Preparation Solution maximizes binding of DNA to the membrane resulting in more consistent yields.
5. Discard the flow-through liquid.
6. Add 200 μL of 95–100% ethanol to the lysate from step 3 and mix thoroughly by vortexing 5–10 seconds.
7. Transfer the entire contents of the tube into the treated column (from step 4). Centrifuge at ≥6500 × g for 1 minute.
8. Discard the collection tube and flow-through. Place the columninto a new 2 mL collection tube.
9. Add 500 μL of Prewash Solution (be sure to dilute with ethanol prior to first use) and centrifuge at ≥6500 × g for 1 minute.
10. Discard the collection tube containing the flow-through and place the column into a new 2 mL collection tube.
11. Add 500 μL of Wash Solution (be sure to dilute with ethanol prior to first use) to the binding column and centrifuge at maximum speed (12,000–16,000 × g) for 3 minutes to dry the binding column.
12. Pipette 200 μL of Elution Solution onto the column and centrifuge for 1 minute at ≥6500 × g to elute the DNA.
13. Store the eluted DNA at –20 °C or proceed with the amplification step.

Note: If using WGA2 there is no need to supply DNA polymerase as the enzyme is provided with the kit

WGA Amplification

Protocol for GenomePlex^® Whole Genome Amplification performed with GenomePlex^® Whole Genome Amplification Kit (WGA1) and/or Complete Whole Genome Amplification Kit (WGA2).

Fragmentation

Prepare DNA solution of 1 ng/µL from whole blood extraction protocol described above.
Add 1 µL of 10X Fragmentation Buffer to 10 µL DNA (1 ng/µL) in a PCR tube.
Place the tube in a thermal cycler at 95 °C for exactly 4 minutes. Note, the incubation is time sensitive and any deviation may alter results.
Immediately cool the sample on ice and centrifuge briefly.

Library Preparation

Add 2 µL of 1x Library Preparation Buffer.
Add 1 µL of Library Stabilization Solution.
Mix thoroughly and place in thermal cycler at 95 °C for 2 minutes.
Cool the sample on ice and centrifuge briefly.
Add 1 µL Library Preparation Enzyme, mix thoroughly, and centrifuge briefly.

Place sample in thermal cycler and incubate as follows:
16 °C for 20 minutes
24 °C for 20 minutes
37 °C for 20 minutes
75 °C for 5 minutes
4 °C hold
Remove samples from thermal cycler and centrifuge briefly. Samples may be amplified immediately or stored at - 20 °C up to three days.

Amplification
Add the following reagents to the entire 15 µL reaction:

7.5 µL 10x Amplification Master Mix
47.5 µL Nuclease Free Water
5.0 µL JumpStart Taq DNA Polymerase (12.5 units) for WGA1
-or-
5.0 µL WGA DNA Polymerase for WGA2

Mix thoroughly, centrifuge briefly, and begin thermocycling:

Initial Denaturation: 95 °C for 3 minutes
Perform 14 cycles as follows:
Denature: 95 °C for 15 seconds
Anneal/Extend: 65 °C for 5 minutes

After cycling is complete, maintain the reactions at 4 °C or store at –20 °C until ready for analysis or purification.

Reamplification

1. Add 10 µL of 1 ng/µL WGA amplified DNA to a PCR tube or multiwell plate.
Note: It is necessary to clean up the WGA reaction to decrease possible bias in the reamplification. We recommend using the Sigma’s GenElute™ PCR Clean-Up Kit (Product Number NA1020) or standard purification methods that isolate single and double stranded DNA.

2. Create amplification mix. For each reamplification reaction, add the following to the WGA amplified DNA (step 1):
47.5 µL of Nuclease-Free Water
7.5 µL of 10X Amplification Master Mix
5 µL of WGA DNA Polymerase

3. Vortex thoroughly, centrifuge briefly, and begin thermocycling. The following profile has been optimized for a PE 9700 or equivalent thermocycler:
Initial Denaturation 95 °C for 3 minutes Perform 14 cycles as follows:
Denature 94 °C for 15 seconds
Anneal/Extend 65 °C for 5 minutes

After cycling is complete, maintain the reactions at 4 °C or store at –20 °C until ready for analysis or purification. The stability of WGA DNA is equivalent to genomic DNA stored under the same conditions.

Purification

Purification of Amplified Products performed with GenElute™ PCR Clean-Up Kit (NA1020)

1. Insert a GenElute™ Miniprep Binding Column (with a blue O-ring) into a provided collection tube, if not already assembled. Add 0.5 mL of the Column Preparation Solution to each miniprep column and centrifuge at 12,000 x g for 30 seconds to 1 minute. Discard the eluate.

Note: The Column Preparation Solution maximizes binding of the DNA to the membrane resulting in more consistent yields.

2. Add 5 volumes of Binding Solution to 1 volume of the PCR reaction and mix. For example, add 500 µL of Binding Solution to 100 µL of the PCR reaction. Transfer the solution into the binding column. Centrifuge the column at maximum speed (12,000 to 16,000 x g) for 1minute. Discard the eluate, but retain the collection tube.

3. Replace the binding column into the collection tube. Apply 0.5 mL of diluted Wash Solution to the column and centrifuge at maximum speed for 1minute. Discard the eluate, but retain the collection tube.
Note: Be sure to add ethanol to the Wash Solution Concentrate prior to first time use. See Preparation Instructions.

4. Replace the column into the collection tube. Centrifuge the column at maximum speed for 2minutes, without any additional wash solution, to remove excess ethanol. Discard any residual eluate as well as the collection tube.

5. Transfer the column to a fresh 2mL collection tube. Apply 50mL of Elution Solution or water to the center of each column. Incubate at room temperature for 1minute.
Note: When eluting with water, make sure that the pH of the water is between 5.5 and 8.5. Elution may also be performed using the Elution Solution diluted 10-fold with water.

6. To elute the DNA, centrifuge the column at maximum speed for 1 minute. The PCR amplification product is now present in the eluate and is ready for immediate use or storage at –20 °C.

Quantification of Amplified Products

The amount of DNA amplified using GenomePlex^® Whole Genome Amplification can be detected with or without purification. For the highest quality samples of DNA, it is strongly recommended to purify the samples after amplification. The amplified products can be measured with the PicoGreen^® dsDNA Quantitation Assay from Molecular Probes Inc. (#P-7589). Another method of detecting the amplified products is spectrophotometric absorption (OD260) on a NanoDrop^® spectrophotometer. This instrument can measure absorbance on 1 μL of sample over a large dynamic range, from 2–3700 ng/

Application Data

Genomic DNA was extracted from a whole blood sample using the GenElute™ Blood Genomic DNA Kit (NA2010). 10 ng of genomic DNA was amplified using the GenomePlex^® WGA Kit (WGA1) followed by purification using the GenElute™ PCR Clean-up Kit (NA1020). SNP genotyping analysis was performed on non-amplified DNA and GenomePlex^® amplified DNA. GenomePlex^® WGA DNA genotyping provided the same accuracy and quality of scores to non-amplified DNA, indicating that the amplification process did not alter the original genomic sequence.

Note:
You can use WGA2 instead of WGA1 used above.

Required Products

NA2010
E7023
W4502
WGA1
WGA2
D9307
NA1020

Materials to be Supplied by the User

Whole Blood
1.5 mL microcentrifuge tubes
Microcentrifuge (with rotor for 2 mL tubes)
55 °C water bath or heat block