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  • Ethanol production from high cellulose concentration by the basidiomycete fungus Flammulina velutipes.

Ethanol production from high cellulose concentration by the basidiomycete fungus Flammulina velutipes.

Fungal biology (2013-03-30)
Tomoko Maehara, Hitomi Ichinose, Takanori Furukawa, Wataru Ogasawara, Koji Takabatake, Satoshi Kaneko
ABSTRACT

Ethanol production by Flammulina velutipes from high substrate concentrations was evaluated. F. velutipes produces approximately 40-60 g l(-1) ethanol from 15% (w/v) D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, sucrose, maltose, and cellobiose, with the highest conversion rate of 83% observed using cellobiose as a carbon source. We also attempted to assess direct ethanol fermentation from sugarcane bagasse cellulose (SCBC) by F. velutipes. The hydrolysis rate of 15% (w/v) SCBC with commercial cellulase was approximately 20%. In contrast, F. velutipes was able to produce a significant amount of ethanol from 15% SCBC with the production of β-glucosidase, cellobohydrolase, and cellulase, although the addition of a small amount of commercial cellulase to the culture was required for the conversion. When 9 mg g(-1) biomass of commercial cellulase was added to cultures, 0.36 g of ethanol was produced from 1 g of cellulose, corresponding to an ethanol conversion rate of 69.6%. These results indicate that F. velutipes would be useful for consolidated bioprocessing of lignocellulosic biomass to bioethanol.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Cellulose, colloidal, microcrystalline
Sigma-Aldrich
Cellulose, microcrystalline, powder, 20 μm
Sigma-Aldrich
Cellulose, microcrystalline, powder
Sigma-Aldrich
Sigmacell Cellulose, Type 101, Highly purified, fibers
Sigma-Aldrich
Cellulose, fibers, (medium)
Sigma-Aldrich
Sigmacell Cellulose, Type 20, 20 μm
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Sigmacell Cellulose, Type 50, 50 μm
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α-Cellulose, BioReagent, suitable for insect cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
α-Cellulose, powder
Supelco
Cellulose, DFS-0, microcrystalline, suitable for thin layer chromatography (TLC)
Supelco
Cellulose, DS-0, powder, suitable for thin layer chromatography (TLC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Avicel® PH-101, tested according to Ph. Eur.
Supelco
Cellulose, powder, for column chromatography
Supelco
Cellulose, acid washed, powder, for column chromatography
Supelco
Cellulose, acid washed, from spruce, for column chromatography
Supelco
Avicel® PH-101, ~50 μm particle size