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G4505

Sigma-Aldrich

Guanidine hydrochloride

≥99% (titration), organic base and chaeotropic agent

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Synonym(s):
Guanidium Chloride, Aminoformamidine hydrochloride, Aminomethanamidine hydrochloride, Guanidinium chloride
Linear Formula:
NH2C(=NH)NH2 · HCl
CAS Number:
50-01-1
Molecular Weight:
95.53
Beilstein:
3591990
EC Number:
200-002-3
MDL number:
MFCD00013026
PubChem Substance ID:
24895176

biological source

synthetic (organic)

Quality Level

400

Assay

≥99% (titration)

form

crystalline powder

technique(s)

RNA extraction: suitable

impurities

≤0.3% water (Karl Fischer)

color

white

pH

(25 °C, 4.6 - 6 at 573 g/L)

mp

180-185 °C (lit.)

solubility

H2O: 6 M

density

1.3 g/cm3 (lit.)

absorption

≤0.10 at 260 nm in H2O at 6 M

SMILES string

Cl[H].NC(N)=N

InChI

1S/CH5N3.ClH/c2-1(3)4;/h(H5,2,3,4);1H

InChI key

PJJJBBJSCAKJQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Gene Information

human ... KCNA1(3736) , KCNA10(3744) , KCNA2(3737) , KCNA3(3738) , KCNA4(3739) , KCNA5(3741) , KCNA6(3742) , KCNA7(3743) , KCNB1(3745) , KCNB2(9312) , KCNC1(3746) , KCNC2(3747) , KCNC3(3748) , KCNC4(3749) , KCND1(3750) , KCND2(3751) , KCND3(3752) , KCNF1(3754) , KCNG1(3755) , KCNG2(26251) , KCNG3(170850) , KCNG4(93107) , KCNH1(3756) , KCNH2(3757) , KCNH3(23416) , KCNH4(23415) , KCNH5(27133) , KCNH6(81033) , KCNH7(90134) , KCNH8(131096) , KCNQ1(3784) , KCNQ2(3785) , KCNQ3(3786) , KCNQ4(9132) , KCNQ5(56479) , KCNS1(3787) , KCNS2(3788) , KCNS3(3790) , KCNV1(27012) , KCNV2(169522)

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Application

Guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) has been used:
  • to perform absolute quantitation of amyloid-beta (Aß) isoforms in plasma
  • in protein carbonylation assay
  • for the quantification of glycosaminoglycans (GAG)
  • for denaturation of cow′s milk allergens
  • as a control in antiviral screening tests with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)
  • in RNA isolation to dissociate nucleoproteins and inhibit RNase
Strong chaotropic agent useful for the denaturation and subsequent refolding of proteins. This strong denaturant can solubilize insoluble or denatured proteins such as inclusion bodies. This can be used as the first step in refolding proteins or enzymes into their active form. Urea and dithiothreitol (DTT) may also be necessary.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) is hydroscopic and a small molecule. It is a potent denaturant of enzymes, which results in conformational changes in the enzyme, leading to complete loss of enzyme activity. GdnHCl is involved in blocking the activity of heat shock protein 104 (Hsp104) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in vivo. It is involved in denaturing alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) in Haliotis diversicolor. GdnHCl leads to the deactivation of enzymes like papain and aminoacylase. GdnHCl, at higher concentrations, is effective in virus inactivation, such as herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1).

Packaging

G4505-1KT:
Each kit contains 3 x 100G samples, each sample from a uniquely manufactured lot.

Caution

May agglomerate upon storage. The quality of the product does not appear to be affected and solutions prepared from the free-flowing and lumpy guanidine hydrochloride appear identical. For free-flowing material, please see our Redi-Dri™ free-flowing product number RDD001.

Preparation Note

In order to make an 8M solution in water, one must heat the solution to 35 °C for approximately 30 minutes.
The maximum solubility of guanidine hydrochloride in water at room temperature is approximately 6M.

Legal Information

Redi-Dri is a trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC

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Pictograms

Exclamation mark
GHS07

Signal Word

Warning

Hazard Statements

H302 + H332 - H315 - H319

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 1

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

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T Gebre-Mariam et al.
Journal of ethnopharmacology, 104(1-2), 182-187 (2005-10-20)
Acokanthera schimperi (Apocynaceae), Euclea schimperi (Ebenaceae), Inula confertiflora (Asteraceae), Melilotus elegans (Leguminosae), and Plumbago zeylanica (Plumbaginaceae), are some of the medicinal plants used in Ethiopia for treatment of various skin disorders. In this study, the antiviral activities of the 80%
Melissa A Hausburg et al.
Clinical and experimental rheumatology, 36(5), 891-895 (2018-10-03)
Traumatic joint injury induces chondrocyte dysfunction and progressive breakdown of articular cartilage, leading to post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). In this condition, dysfunctional fibroblast-like chondrocytes (FLCs) no longer express proteins required for cartilage maintenance, such as SOX9 and collagen-type II (COL2). Interleukin-6
Vitaliy Ovod et al.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 13(8), 841-849 (2017-07-25)
Cerebrospinal fluid analysis and other measurements of amyloidosis, such as amyloid-binding positron emission tomography studies, are limited by cost and availability. There is a need for a more practical amyloid β (Aβ) biomarker for central nervous system amyloid deposition. We
Jeanette Lund Madsen et al.
Clinical and translational allergy, 4, 25-25 (2014-09-11)
Characterisation of the specific antibody response, including the epitope binding pattern, is an essential task for understanding the molecular mechanisms of food allergy. Examination of antibody formation in a controlled environment requires animal models. The purpose of this study was
Courtney R Johnson et al.
eLife, 9 (2020-01-29)
Septin proteins evolved from ancestral GTPases and co-assemble into hetero-oligomers and cytoskeletal filaments. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, five septins comprise two species of hetero-octamers, Cdc11/Shs1-Cdc12-Cdc3-Cdc10-Cdc10-Cdc3-Cdc12-Cdc11/Shs1. Slow GTPase activity by Cdc12 directs the choice of incorporation of Cdc11 vs Shs1, but many
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