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L2880

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli O55:B5

purified by phenol extraction

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Synonym(s):
LPS
EC Number:
297-473-0
MDL number:
MFCD00164401
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

Escherichia coli (O55:B5)

Quality Level

300

form

lyophilized powder

purified by

phenol extraction

impurities

<3% Protein (Lowry)

color

off-white to tan

solubility

water: soluble

shipped in

ambient

storage temp.

2-8°C

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General description

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are glycolipids, a combination of carbohydrate units linked with single or multiple fatty acids that are found in the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. The LPS is an essential component of the outer membrane and the LPS structure is composed of lipid A, a glucosamine-based phospholipid, a short-core oligosaccharide, and an O-antigen, a distal polysaccharide.

Application

Lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli O55:B5 has been used:
  • to stimulate hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells
  • to stimulate the spleen and study the expression of the Malitaf gene in the fish blunt snout bream
  • as part of the concanavalin A (ConA) and D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (D-GalN/LPS) model of fulminant hepatitis to study the effect of the natural compound hesperetin
  • to check the cell viability of human chorionic villi-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hCMSCs) by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay
  • to induce oligodendrocyte toxicity to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of few compounds
  • to induce sarcopenia in rats to evaluate the antioxidant effects of curcumin-loaded hydrophobic surface-modified hydroxyapatite
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) sets up a protective permeability barrier that blocks the entry of antibiotics and bile salts, which make Gram-negative bacteria innately resistant. LPS is involved in bacterial pathogenicity as the host immune system primarily encounters the LPS component of the bacteria. LPS is an endotoxin and a highly immunogenic antigen that can enhance the immune system. The lipid A of LPS stimulates host cells via toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4).

related product

Product No.
Description
Pricing

Pictograms

Skull and crossbones
GHS06

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

H300

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 2 Oral

Storage Class Code

6.1A - Combustible, acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

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Identification and Characterization of Lipopolysaccharide Induced TNFa Factor from Blunt Snout Bream, Megalobrama amblycephala
Yina LV
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(2), 233-233 (2017)
Xia Zheng et al.
International journal of medical sciences, 16(8), 1149-1156 (2019-09-17)
Background Sepsis, a leading cause of death in intensive care units, is generally associated with vascular dysfunction. However, its pathophysiological process has not been fully clarified, lacking in-depth knowledge of its pathophysiological process may hinder the improvement of diagnosis and
The protective effect of the natural compound hesperetin against fulminant hepatitis in vivo and in vitro
Xueting Bai
British Journal of Pharmacology, 174 (2017)
K Amor et al.
Infection and immunity, 68(3), 1116-1124 (2000-02-26)
In the lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli there are five distinct core oligosaccharide (core OS) structures, designated K-12 and R1 to R4. The objective of this work was to determine the prevalences of these core OS types within the species. Unique
A liver microphysiological system of tumor cell dormancy and inflammatory
responsiveness is affected by scaffold properties
Clark AM
Cancer Discovery null
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